Pierre-Louis-Paul Randon de Boisset [1709-1776], Paris; (his estate sale, Paris, 27 February 1777, no. 31).[1] Destouches, Paris; (his sale, A.J. LeBrun and Ph. Fr. Jueliot, Paris, 21 March 1794, no. 5); John Trumbull [1756-1843], Paris and New York; (his sale, Christie's, London, 17 February 1797, no. 25). Fritz August von Kaulbach [1850-1920], Munich;[2] (his estate sale, Hugo Helbing, Munich, 29-30 October 1929, no. 194);[3] (Galerie Nathan, Munich).[4] (Frederick Mont, Inc., New York);[5] sold 8 February 1955 to the Samuel H. Kress Foundation, New York;[6] gift 1957 to NGA. [1] Julius S. Held, _The Oil Sketches of Peter Paul Rubens. A Critical Catalogue_, 2 vols., Princeton, 1980: 1:25, questions whether NGA 1957.14.2 was in this sale because the catalogue describes the work as being on panel whereas an old inscription on the verso of the painting once indicated that it had been transferred from panel to canvas in 1773 (see note 3). Held's reservations, however, seem unwarranted since the description of the scene (even though the subject is wrongly interpreted as "Germanicus à qui on harangue ou donne des orders à cinq officiers...") and the dimensions conform to the Gallery's painting. [2] Oldenbourg, Rudolf, ed. _P.P. Rubens. Des Meisters Gemälde_. Berlin and Leipzig, 1921: 460. [3] An inscription on the verso of the painting was recorded in the 1929 sales catalogue as reading: "relevé de sure bois et remis sure toile par hacquin en 1773." [4] According to the annotated Hugo Helbing sale catalogue at the Zentralinstitut für Kunstgeschichte, Munich, copy in NGA curatorial files and available online through the Heidelberg University library. [5] Colin Eisler, _Paintings from the Samuel H. Kress Collection: European Schools Excluding Italian_, Oxford, 1977: 105, lists the Newhouse Galleries, New York, at this point in the provenance; Mont was associated with Newhouse. [6] See The Kress Collection Digital Archive, https://kress.nga.gov/Detail/objects/652.