At the Window, rue des Trois Frères

Description

Camille Pissarro composed this pastel in front of a window in his apartment in the Montmartre district of Paris. He used his wife Julie as a model, as well as two young girls, who possibly memorialize his recently deceased daughters. Pissarro created many works at his rural residences outside of Paris, but in this pastel he embraced the interior—yet visibly urban—setting of his rented home. Even indoors, Pissarro found a way to investigate the effects of natural light, which is characteristic of his Impressionist style.

Provenance

Estate of the artist, from 1903; sold, Galerie Georges Petit, Paris, Dec. 3, 1928, lot 18, to Marcel Bernheim. André Devilder (1868–1952), Phalempin, France, by 1930 [Paris 1930]; sold, Hôtel Drouot, Paris, Nov. 21, 1932, lot 74, to Marcel Bernheim. Sold, Sotheby’s, London, Dec. 5, 1984, lot 311, to Dorothy Braude Edinburg, Brookline, MA.; given to the Art Institute of Chicago, 2012.

At the Window, rue des Trois Frères

Camille Pissarro

1878–79

Accession Number

186398

Medium

Pastel on cream wove pastel paper, perimeter mounted on light gray wove paper

Dimensions

Primary support: 38 × 26.3 cm (15 × 10 3/8 in.); Secondary support: 38.2 × 26.4 cm (15 1/16 × 10 7/16 in.)

Classification

prints and drawing

Museum

The Art Institute of Chicago

Chicago, United States

Credit Line

Gift of Dorothy Braude Edinburg to the Harry B. and Bessie K. Braude Memorial Collection

Background & Context

Background Story

"At the Window, rue des Trois Frères" is an 1878–79 pastel by Camille Pissarro that captures the Danish-French Impressionist in his most intimate and domestic mode, the image showing a figure—probably his wife Julie or one of their children—at a window in the family's Parisian apartment with the soft, atmospheric quality that pastel uniquely provides. The composition is a small, quiet scene, the figure framed by the window with the city visible beyond, the pastel strokes creating a surface that feels like a breath of air, the transparency of the medium suggesting both the glass of the window and the light that filters through it. The cream wove pastel paper provides a warm, luminous ground that makes the pastel colors appear to glow, the subtle gradations of tone creating an atmosphere of domestic peace and urban contemplation. The 1878–79 date places this work in the period of Pissarro's residence in the rue des Trois Frères in Montmartre, when he was producing the series of urban views and domestic interiors that documented his family's life in Paris with the same attention that he brought to the rural landscapes of Pontoise. Art historians have compared this pastel to the window scenes of Morisot and the domestic interiors of Cassatt, noting that Pissarro's treatment is more atmospheric, more focused on the effects of light and air than the social or psychological content of these contemporaries. The work also demonstrates Pissarro's mastery of pastel as an independent medium: the image achieves a completeness and visual poetry that requires no translation into oil to achieve its full effect.

Cultural Impact

This 1878–79 pastel made Montmartre domestic window intimacy atmospherically luminous, using cream-paper glow and transparent medium breath to document family urban life with same light-air attention as rural Pontoise landscapes.

Why It Matters

It matters because Pissarro drew someone at a window and made the glass feel like a veil between two worlds—proving that even a small room could hold the whole city if the pastel was soft enough.