The Great Windmill and the Rainbow

Provenance

William A. Clark [1839-1925], New York; bequest 1926 to the Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington; acquired 2015 by the National Gallery of Art.

The Great Windmill and the Rainbow

Cazin, Jean-Charles

1888

Accession Number

2015.143.3

Medium

oil on canvas

Dimensions

overall: 88.9 × 116.84 cm (35 × 46 in.) | framed: 127 × 154.94 × 17.46 cm (50 × 61 × 6 7/8 in.)

Classification

Painting

Museum

National Gallery of Art

Washington, D.C., United States

Credit Line

Corcoran Collection (William A. Clark Collection)

Tags

Painting Impressionist & Modern (1851–1900) Oil Painting Canvas French

Background & Context

Background Story

This is Cazin at his most ambitious: a large-scale landscape combining two of his favorite motifs — the windmill and the rainbow — in a composition that aims for the sublime while remaining grounded in observed reality. The great windmill rises against a sky that has just cleared after rain, and a rainbow arcs across the canvas from left to right, connecting earth and sky. The rainbow, a traditional symbol of hope and divine promise, gives the painting an allegorical dimension that Cazin rarely allows himself, but the handling remains restrained and observational — this is a real rainbow in a real landscape, not a symbol detached from place.

Cultural Impact

Cazin's combination of windmill and rainbow connects him to a long tradition of Dutch landscape painting where both elements carried moral and symbolic weight. But Cazin's treatment is characteristically French: the symbolism is present but not insistent, and the primary appeal is visual rather than moral. The rainbow is beautiful first and symbolic second.

Why It Matters

The Great Windmill and the Rainbow is Cazin's most grandly scaled landscape statement. It proves that his reserved, tonal approach could handle the sublime as well as the ordinary — a rainbow is as worthy of careful observation as a flat field, and both reward the same patient seeing.