Green Mountains, Canada

Description

In this panoramic landscape, Georgia O’Keeffe captured the massive Gaspé Peninsula mountains in Quebec, Canada, as they rise sharply from the water’s edge. O’Keeffe traveled to the region in the summer of 1932, accompanied by fellow artist (and husband Alfred Stieglitz’s niece) Georgia Engelhard. The old barns and crosses built by the Peninsula’s French settlers fascinated O’Keeffe, as did the lush green terrain. She painted the mountains and sun-streaked sky with texture and depth, while the water in the foreground moves in flat, zig-zag swaths that accentuate color over representational depth. Although she enjoyed her trip to Canada, and returned again that year, ultimately O’Keeffe preferred the New Mexican landscape, specifically its brilliant sunshine.

Provenance

Georgia O’Keeffe (1887–1986), New York and New Mexico, then Abiquiú, NM, from 1949 [on loan to the Art Institute of Chicago from 1949; letter from O’Keeffe to Daniel Catton Rich, Mar. 15, 1957; copy in curatorial object file]; given through the Alfred Stieglitz Collection to the Art Institute of Chicago, 1956.

Green Mountains, Canada

Georgia O'Keeffe

1932

Accession Number

2895

Medium

Oil on canvas

Dimensions

30.5 × 91 cm (12 × 36 in.)

Classification

oil on canvas

Museum

The Art Institute of Chicago

Chicago, United States

Credit Line

Alfred Stieglitz Collection, gift of Georgia O'Keeffe

Background & Context

Background Story

Georgia O'Keeffe's "Green Mountains, Canada" (1932) is an oil on canvas depicting the Canadian landscape, painted during a trip to Canada. O'Keeffe traveled to Canada in 1932, and the Canadian landscape—with its vast forests, lakes, and mountains—offered a different kind of subject from the deserts of New Mexico or the skyscrapers of New York. This painting shows a view of green mountains, the forms simplified and monumental, the palette dominated by the greens of the forest and the blues of the sky. O'Keeffe's treatment is characteristically bold and simplified: the mountains are reduced to their essential shapes, the colors are clean and distinct, the composition is balanced and powerful. The Canadian landscape, with its sense of vastness and untouched nature, appealed to O'Keeffe's love of open spaces and her ability to find spiritual significance in the natural world. This painting is less well-known than O'Keeffe's New Mexico works but demonstrates the range of her landscape vision.

Cultural Impact

O'Keeffe's Canadian landscapes document her travels and expand our understanding of the range of her artistic vision, showing her responding to the grandeur of the northern landscape.

Why It Matters

This view of green mountains in Canada captures the vastness and beauty of the northern landscape, O'Keeffe's simplified forms and clear colors conveying the sense of space and the power of the natural world.